Holly Smith

Holly Smith & Penny MacWhirter, LJI Journalists

NEW CARLISLE: September 23 marks the International Day of Sign Languages, a global initiative established by the United Nations General Assembly to raise awareness about the importance of sign language for the deaf community. 

The day was established with a resolution in 2017 following a proposal by the World Federation of the Deaf (WFD). The United Nations resolution acknowledges that “Early access to sign language and services in sign language, including quality education available in sign language, is vital to the growth and development of the deaf individual and critical to the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals.” 

That WFD is made up of 135 national associations of deaf people, representing approximately 70 million deaf people’s human rights worldwide. The proposed date of September 23 was in recognition of the WFD’s founding on that date in 1951. It also coincides with the International Week of Deaf People which takes place September 23 to 29. 

This year’s observance emphasizes the unity of sign languages worldwide, urging communities and governments to support and recognize these vital linguistic tools. 

Shining a blue light on Sign Languages 

To promote and recognize sign languages, communities and governments around the world are encouraged to display blue lights. 

Sign language around the world 

There are over 70 million deaf individuals globally, with more than 80% residing in developing countries. These individuals use over 300 different sign languages, each with its own unique grammar and syntax. In Canada, American Sign Language (ASL) and Quebec Sign Language (Langue des signes québécoise, LSQ) are most common, with additional Indigenous and Maritime Sign Languages also used. 

Statistics Canada reported that in 2021, 8,415 people identified ASL as their mother tongue, while 1,860 reported LSQ. 

Furthermore, 37,620 Canadians could converse in ASL, and 6,193 in LSQ. Though estimates vary, the Canadian Association of the Deaf suggests there are approximately 357,000 deaf Canadians and 3.21 million hard of hearing individuals. 

Challenges in the Gaspé Peninsula 

There are significant gaps in services for the deaf community, particularly in remote regions like the Gaspé Peninsula. Peter Mann, 34, who currently lives in Port Daniel, shared his personal experiences with SPEC as he navigates life with deafness in a region with limited resources. 

Diagnosed at birth, Mr. Mann was raised in Port Daniel, first attending Shigawake Port Daniel School, and then New Carlisle High School and Bonaventure Polyvalent before moving to Montreal for work. 

Despite returning to the region for a new job in Chandler, he faced considerable challenges due to the lack of sign language services in the area. 

“I was diagnosed at birth and have family members who are also deaf,” Mr. Mann told SPEC. “When I started school I learned some ASL. I learned more ASL online because there were no sign language services in the Gaspé Peninsula. 

In addition, there have been times in Mr. Mann’s life when he needed an interpreter for lawyers, court appearances and healthcare. “I had to travel to Montreal for an interpreter, which cost a lot,” explains Mr. Mann. 

Despite his efforts, finding employment locally was tough. “I looked for ten years for a job, I eventually got a job at RITMRG in May 2023.” However, the language barrier between ASL and LSQ poses additional difficulties. “At work, I use my smartphone to communicate with my boss and coworkers,” adding that he later uses Google Translate to bridge the language gap between English and French. 

The lack of local support extends to home adaptations as well. “I have no special adaptations at home, like for smoke detectors or doorbells,” says Mr. Mann. “I have not been able to get those services covered and, if they’re not covered, they are very expensive,” he adds. 

His advice to newly diagnosed deaf individuals is to use online tools and resources, as they can be crucial when local services are unavailable “Use online tools to learn ASL. When you can’t get services, you have to do it yourself,” says Mr. Mann. He recommends using internet sites such as lifeprint.com. 

Silver Gallan was diagnosed with a hearing impairment in both ears since birth. Now seven years old and in grade two, Silver has undergone numerous tests at several hospitals to determine the extent of her hearing impairment. She has learned that her condition could further decrease over time, with the possibility that she may eventually lose her hearing entirely Tabitha Flowers, Silver’s grandmother, is eager to learn sign language to ensure that Silver is fluent and is able to communicate with her friends and family in sign language. “It is very important for Silver, her family and friends to learn sign language due to the fact that she could be fully hearing impaired one day,” explains Ms. Flowers 

“Unfortunately with the lack of resources in our region, it is more difficult to learn sign language considering there are no classes, workshops, etc. that are available. We have reached out to multiple organizations to try and get more resources in our region for the hearing impaired but, unfortunately, in our small communities, there is not enough need for it,” says Ms. Flowers. 

Silver would like to learn sign language and become fluent: “I’m discouraged to not know more, but I’m learning online one word at a time,” she says. The family has purchased an online program so that they can learn sign language together. 

In addition to the challenges of learning sign language, Silver faces other difficulties in her daily life. “A few of the biggest challenges for Silver is being in a large group of people (due to echoing voices), swimming (being underwater creates pressure in the ears), and riding a bike (since hearing impairments can affect balance),” says Ms. Flowers, noting that Silver is athletic and loves sports. 

Silver has also struggled with receiving adequate speech therapy resources, currently, she is receiving the service online rather than in person. Moreover, the family has waited over two years to receive a hearing test at the hospital and, consequently, has resorted to paying out of pocket for an annual test to ensure timely evaluations. 

The family does not currently have hearing impairment devices in their home but is prepared to install devices such as special phones, along with alarms and doorbells that trigger lights and vibrations. 

Silver says, “It’s important for people to know that hearing aids are not a magic fix and if you talk to a person who is hearing impaired, look at them, speak clearly, and not too fast.” Her grandmother adds, “Silver has experienced some bullying but that doesn’t stop her from enjoying all the things she loves, such as hunting, fishing, karate, dancing and singing. She does all these activities with pride because she knows truly how amazing she is in her own way.”